How is the Dharma dress of Vietnamese monks and nuns like? When it comes to Buddhist dharma dress, we often refer to monastic dharma dress, including ceremonial dharma dress and daily dharma dress. The Buddhist dharma dress is considered a form of embodying the dharma, which is the external dharma appearance of the monastic, so the sanctions in the ritual law specify the forms of the dharma dress very clearly. When it comes to Buddhist dharma dress, we often refer to monastic dharma dress, including ceremonial dharma dress and daily dharma dress. The Buddhist dharma dress is considered a form of embodying the dharma, which is the external dharma appearance of the monastic, so the sanctions in the ritual law specify the forms of the dharma dress very clearly. However, Vietnamese Buddhism includes many sects, in which mainly the Northern tradition. Next is the Southern tradition (Theravada) and the Mendicant.Therefore, the specificity of the dharma dress of each sect has many different points in terms of form as well as color, leading to a very rich and diverse Vietnamese Buddhist dharma dress. Within the framework of this article, we have met and discussed with three clergymen of the three sects of the Northern, Southern, and Mendicant sects in order to better understand the dharma dress as well as the unity in the dharma ritual. ceremony of Vietnamese Buddhist sects. How is the Dharma dress of Vietnamese monks and nuns? days such as performing rituals, giving sermons, receiving alms, begging for food, etc., because it is a meritorious medicine, a liberated robe in a virtuous and strict precept, displaying adornment, is the most beautiful vestment of a Buddhist monk" (Thich Thien) Super, 2002: 184).However, when it was transmitted to China, Buddhism had many changes because Northern Buddhism (Mahayana Buddhism) brought innovative ideas, entered the world, deeply integrated into society. During the Tang Dynasty, Buddhism flourished, leading to important changes in dress code. At this time, in addition to the Dharma dress, there are also crowns and hia in the vestments to solemnize the appearance of the user when performing rituals, preaching, etc. On the flow of Chinese Buddhism to the South, Vietnam has left a mark of no only in vestments, but also a cultural vestige in selective receptivity. Since then, the Northern Buddhist dress has been converted according to different regions and customs, and when coming to Vietnam, it has been converted again. Up to now, there is no document that accurately describes the types of vestments of Northern Buddhism.If it is mentioned, it is only in the symbolic aspect, such as the book Buu Dinh Hang Tri, the secret of the entire Tran dynasty, mentioning the Buddha's hat, but only through it, without any drawings or descriptions. The entire robe and crown are inherited, his disciples just follow what the Patriarchs left behind, use and develop. The French dress of Northern Buddhism in Vietnam today includes: daily dharma dress and ceremonial dharma dress. Daily French clothing is divided into two types: casual clothes in the temple and casual clothes going out or receiving guests. Traditionally, the clothes worn in the temple are mainly a bodice and long pants. This is the style of daily wear of monks of the Northern sect. The main colors are blue, brown and yellow. Newly ordained people (notes, novices) usually wear brown or blue suits. When going out, wear a Japanese ao dai, blue for nuns.brown for monks. For those who have received great ordination, in addition to the long-sleeved Japanese robe worn when going out, they can also wear a long robe (also known as thong y) when going out or receiving guests. Basically, the color of the robe (Thong y) has only two colors. Blue is for nuns and brown is for monks. Today, for the convenience of communication, Buddhist activities, etc., the monks wear yellow robes. This color of ao dai appeared only a few years ago, especially during the integration period. The ceremonial robes, also known as vestments, are the clothes worn outside when performing Buddhist rituals. This type of dharma dress is the most concerned and focused, preserved by monks and nuns of Northern Buddhism to this day, including three robes: Five robes, Seven robes and Great robes, all dark yellow (algae color). In particular, unlike other Buddhist sects,Northern Buddhism in addition to the three robes is the basic dress code; Underneath the robe, there is also a yellow robe for the monks and a blue robe for the nuns, which is called "the back coat". The shirt has the same form as a long gown but with wide cuffs. The above three robes are the dharma robes of the bhikkhus, so novices are not allowed to use them without being fully ordained. Therefore, besides the three robes of the bhikkhus, there are also the robes of novices, novices, and novices, called "many" y, "many y" or "signless y" (Dharma). y is not regulated), there are no blessing fields on him but just a piece of cloth sewn together. However, novices are also divided into three levels: One is the area of the Sa di (Sa di chased through), only children who have left home, have not yet been clothed in forensic medicine. The second is a picture of a novice monk (Sa di has not yet received the ten precepts) so he has not yet been dressed in the Manchurian robe. The third is the practice of Dharma novices (who have received the ten precepts) dressed in the mantra robes,become a reserve rank in the life of a bhikkhu, not an official Sangha. When wearing the Manchurian robe, one must reflect on the verse: "Great calamity liberates / There is no sign of blessing in the robe / Phi worship is like a precept / Quang saves sentient beings". 1. The Five Medicines, also known as the Five Articles of Medicine, is called Anda Hoi in Sanskrit, and translated in Chinese as Trung Suc y. The five robes are also called the lower class, because they are the lowest of the three robes of the monks. He is also known as the medical magazine, that is, wearing this robe to do heavy work in the temple or go to the street, reflecting the function of his use. In addition, the Five Medicines are also known as Patience Medicine, which means cultivating the patience of the body, speech, and mind to develop, so that we can subdue anger, greed, and delusion. Five robes are assembled from 10 cloths with 5 long vertical lines representing 5 things. On each thing, divided into two cells: a short cell and a long cell, where,The long umbrella represents the holy substance, the short umbrella represents the mortal nature, so the person wearing this robe is holy but ordinary is little. This medicine has the effect of eliminating the lust of the mind, making the body always pure, so wearing this robe prevents the three karmas of killing, the path, and sex from happening. . When wearing robes, one must reflect on the verse: "Good ear is liberated / Unsurpassed blessings fill in y / Fall in love with life / The world is not relinquished / Sentence is all da sa ha". 2. That medical also called Y ataxia, Sanskrit called Ut da la increase, Chinese translated as Upper before y. Seven robes are also known as Entering the Sangha with the function of wearing this robe to bow to the Buddha, to repent of sins, to recite sutras, to meditate, to enjoy life, to listen to sutras, to perform self-sacrifice ceremonies, to perform bodhisattva ceremonies. This Y has 7 things consisting of 21 tiles, each of which is divided into three, with two long squares and one short tile. When wearing robes, one must meditate on the verse:"Good ear liberates / Unsurpassed blessings in the field of medicine / Self-imposed life, / The world often obtains a concubine / The degree of three degrees three sa ha". 3. The Sanskrit doctor is called "Tang Lao pear", translated as Hiep in Chinese. Chivalry means cutting each piece and then sewing it together. Coincidental is to sew many layers of cut fabric on top of each other. Dai medicine is also translated as Journal of Medicine. It's annoying because its number of articles is very large: from 9 to 25 things. According to the Vinaya rules, wearing the Mahayana robe in the following three cases: entering the king's palace, being promoted to the court to preach the Dharma, and going for alms. The great medicine consists of 3 types and 9 grades: the lower class has 3 y and each of its articles is divided into three with two long cells and one short box: the lower class: 9 articles, consisting of 27 panels. Medical lower middle: 11 articles, including 33 pieces of cloth put together. Upper and lower medicine: 13 articles, including 39 pieces of cloth put together. The middle level has 3 y and each of y's articles is divided into four with three long and one short squares: Y middle and low: 15 things,Includes 60 pieces of fabric. Medical center: 17 articles, including 68 pieces of cloth put together. Medical center: 19 articles, including 76 cloths put together. The upper class has 3 yrs and each of his articles is divided into five with four long and one short squares: Upper and lower y: 21 articles, including 105 pieces of cloth. Medical upper middle: 23 articles, including 115 pieces of cloth put together. Upper Medicine: 25 articles, including 125 pieces of cloth put together. In particular, the upper robe can be red, also known as "Tzu y". The users of the upper robes must be high-ranking monks (age, virtue, and wisdom). This medicine is usually only used on Buddhist occasions, so it is very uncommon in ordinary ceremonies. Particularly, bhikkhunis also use the same three robes as the monks, but when using the great robes, they almost only use the five or fewer articles of medicine and that is also a respect of the nuns to the monks. . When applying Mahayana medicine,must reflect on the verse: "Good ears liberated / Unsurpassed blessings filled in clothes / Served like a future life / Quang saved the delusions / Ma ha ca ba ba tra all sa ha". The division of long and short squares on one thing means that many long squares represent the increasing growth of the Holy substance; and the short box shows the ordinary nature of living beings who are becoming less and less. In the Precepts of Dan Sutra, it is written: “The monastic wears great robes with the meaning of ending the delusion of mind karma. Therefore, when wearing the three robes: Five robes, Seven robes, and Great robes, it is a manifestation of the cessation of all greed, hatred and delusion. In addition, wearing Daisies is also to combat the winter weather, because they are sewn in many layers, to maintain the body to do Buddha work, to transform the mind. In the Northern Buddhist costume, in addition to the three robes, there is also a crown (hat) used in the process of performing the ritual: preaching the Dharma, posting the ordination altar,medical diagnosis of the spirit level ... the common types of crowns are passed down by the ancestors to this day: 1. Mao Hiep Chuong is also known as Lien Hoa seal. The crown is shaped like two hands clasped together in the shape of a lotus bud, meaning to express wisdom and merit, so it is also known as the hat of blessing and wisdom. On the hat there are always six contour lines representing the six perfections: the three right lines are meritorious virtues including: Generosity, Precepts, and Patience; The 3 lines on the left are wisdom including: Effort, Meditation, and Wisdom. 2. Ao Dai, a three-piece crown with six lotus-like shapes. Each face has contours running around arranged in the curvature of the hat. The front of the hat has three words "An Da Hong" in the middle, the back is sewn with a swastika, meaning "Van Duc Park", which means that all countless virtues are gathered in this hat. Each lotus shape on the hat represents the Six Degrees, including: Generosity,Precepts, Forbearance, Effort, Meditation, and Wisdom. The top is attached with a circular cloth and divided into three rings, symbolizing shravakas, pratyekabuddhas and bodhisattvas. The small red outer circle is divided into 4 equal parts, each with 4 drops of water representing the Four Foundations of Mindfulness and the Four Noble Truths. At the top is a red crown shaped like a small knob tied with 8 golden threads symbolizing the Eightfold Path. 3. Guan Yin: The crown has the same shape and meaning as the Hiep Chuong hat in the upper part, the lower part is extended down to the back half. The crown of Quan Am is usually made of yellow or dark red brocade, on which there are stylized words Tho in round boxes (also known as doan Tho) or the words Phuoc. Avalokitesvara hat has the meaning of saving sentient beings with merit and wisdom, which is considered the vow of sound saving suffering of Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara.Therefore, the users of this crown must be high-ranking monks (age, virtue, and wisdom). The crown is usually only used on Buddhist occasions, so it is also very uncommon in other common rituals. Today, on the same basic form, but as society is increasingly developing, the textile industry has reached a sophisticated level, producing many different fabrics, etc., which has intensified the disagreement. colors in Buddhist vestments, making the vestments no longer an official color, the fabric is also different. Correcting and unifying the colors in the Northern Buddhist dress is extremely difficult for the Church's functional departments, namely the Sangha Board. In recent years, the Sangha Department of the Ho Chi Minh City Buddhist High School has more or less urged the city's monks and nuns to wear the same color (dark yellow) dharma uniform.This is really a beautiful thing that Buddhists everywhere must recognize and follow. However, although the color has not been unified, the dress is basically not far from the three traditional Buddhist robes. These are the Five Medicines, the Seven Medicines and the Great Medicines. How are the monks and nuns in Vietnam like Permanent clergy of the Vietnamese Mendicant sect. Because it is a means to help bhikkhus stay safe in daily life and protect the body from greed for sensual pleasures. When he was still alive, the Buddha always reminded and encouraged the monks to always keep 3 robes and 1 bowl with them. He also stated that it is the traditional dharma dress of the three Buddhas. The Dharma dress of Mendicant Buddhism is similar to that of Theravada Buddhism but is different in color.According to the Truth of the Law, the Mendicant Suspect stipulates that a bhikkhu's dharma dress consists of 3 yrs: upper and lower robes, middle and lower. Beginners are only allowed to wear yellow clothes (pattern style, long pants). Particularly novices (who have received the ten precepts) are allowed to wear three robes, but the upper (outer robes) must be sewn smoothly, no matter what. 1. Upper y is a type of outer robe with dark yellow color, sewn by many small pieces of fabric put together. Upper Y has a length of 2m70, a width of 1m80, leaving the right shoulder and arm. When going out, you must wear a full cover (called y lum). Each bhikkhu is only allowed to have one upper robe. Every year on the 15th day of the 7th lunar month, it is allowed to change the y. Upper robes are often worn when worshiping Buddha, Bodhisattvas, precepts, etc. 2. Middle robes are the type of clothes worn between the body, consisting of a whole cloth of dark yellow color, measuring 2m in length, 70cm in width, with no cover sewn on. (hybrid),tie each side a knot. Each of them has only one old y and one new y. Ni Luu's medical center has a length of 1m, a width of 70cm, sewn in the style of a lap shirt with arms, sleeves, attached, hybrid, clutch, knotted shoulder buttons, must have a square spine and shoulders. 3. Y lower is a whole cloth, with a length of 2m, a width of 1m, sewn together, resulting in a square of 1m. Top cover 10cm, bottom cover 5cm, dark yellow. The monks wear skirts from the hip to the bottom of the legs, and the nuns wear it from the hips to the ankles. Each person is only allowed to have one old y and one new y. In addition to the three robes, the thing that is usually carried with him is a bowl. Bowls and bowls are used to store food, when begging for food, and when enjoying life. Usually the bowl is made of earth, has aluminum taste, brass, 6 inch round side, wide mouth, black paint, outside wax roller, white aluminum lid, light weight. Fabric bowl bag, same color y.The bowl bag is round to fit the bowl, has a lid to cover it, has a handle of 1 inch in width and length, when worn on the left shoulder, the mouth of the bowl must be at the waistband of the blanket. Regarding the color of the dharma dress of the Mendicant Buddhist sect, the three robes must be the same color (dark yellow). At present, all the Buddhist monks of Mendicant Buddhism almost uniformly wear dark yellow. Every year, when it comes to the season of Tu Four, Buddhists who offer their robes must have a uniform color. How is the Dharma dress of Vietnamese monks and nuns in the Theravada Buddhist sect? Some people say that the shirt does not make a religion or a priest, but thanks to the shirt, it is possible to distinguish religion and priests. A well-functioning religion must have a successful organization in many aspects, in which uniform is also indispensable.The Buddha appeared in India in a multi-religious context, but he skillfully used the religion that predated his time and used his wisdom, compassion and enlightenment to promote Buddhism, in order to make benefits for gods and humans. In the promotion of Buddhism, the Buddha perfected many areas to suit the Sangha and the Church. Dress and discipline were quite a problem in the Sangha of the Buddha's time and these things still exist in the world today. Here, we would like to mention a few features of traditional Theravada Buddhism in Vietnam. As for the origin, the Sayuttara Nikāya and the Pali Canon recount that once the Blessed One and a large number of bhikkhus went to a field to preach the Dharma, and the Blessed One asked Venerable Ananda whether he had seen the field or not? Venerable said yes. So, Ananda, draw the robes of the monks like a field.So Ananda obeyed the Blessed One. Because the rice field is beneficial to humans, the clothes, metaphors of the blessings of gods and humans. The robe we wear today is the one prescribed by the Pali canon. Based on the Elder Ananda obeying the Buddha's teaching to draw a robe like a field. The meaning of the person wearing this robe symbolizes the blessings of gods and humans. The field has many embankments, so the clothes in the Vinaya Vinaya also stipulate as follows: Y 5 things, y 7 things, y 9 things, y 11 things. In Vietnam, the majority of Theravada and Khmer Theravada monks wear the five articles of clothing. The form of the three robes, the bowl is still preserved intact. The inner bhikkhu has the Precepts of Concentration, the outer has the three robes and the one bowl. The touching thing, the three robes of the Buddha and the Sangha in ancient times, today Vietnam Theravada Buddhism is still preserved intact, not assimilated.The Southern Buddhist dharma dress is not sewn into pants and clothes like the Northern sect, but only uses yellow or brown cloth to wrap and wrap around the body with different styles. There are the following forms: Internal medicine: (also known as An Da Hoi y) acts as an undergarment consisting of two pieces of cloth (like the middle robe of the Mendicant sect). The first piece is 40cm wide, 1m - 1.5m long, squeezed from the chest to the left shoulder, over the back, diagonally to the right flank. Near the ends of the fabric there is a small strip to tie together. The second piece is left with the same size of cloth (from 70cm to 90cm), 1.5m in length, wrapped around the belly, the top of the cloth is tied to the edge of the cloth for tight (like the mendicant's lower robe). Y left shoulder (also known as y Udala increase). The left shoulder is 2m70 in length, 1m80 in width, even though the right shoulder and arm are left open. When going out, the shirt must not expose the shoulders and hands but must cover the whole body in the following order: Put the cloth from the back to the front,the two edges of the fabric are tucked under the armpits, pinching the two edges of the fabric in front of the chest. Put your left hand in and hold the fabric about 40cm away from your chest to create a space in front of your chest. This robe is often worn when worshiping the Buddha, fetters, bodhisattvas, preaching the Dharma, etc. Regarding the color of the monks' clothes, according to the Pali canon, the color is ruined, more specifically, the color of ox skin, dark yellow and color. Mangosteen. In Vietnam, the three colors mentioned above are all worn by monks, but they are not uniform and uniform, such as what color novice must wear, what color bhikkhu must wear! As for the Vietnamese Theravada nuns, currently they are using 3 colors: white (Thai-Khmer influence), pink and brown (Burmese influence). Although there are three colors, white is the majority – the white dharma dress and the yellow sash. In a nutshell, clothes are meant to adorn the monastic position. Round head,The clothes and bowls represent the monastic, although it is a formality, but it helps us to cultivate the mind to nurture our nature, to transform our delusions for enlightenment. The monastic has only three robes, the bowl is the property. The three robes are used to cover the body, the bowl is used to beg for alms and to feed one's life, to practice the holy life.. END= NAM MO SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA.( 3 TIMES ).WORLD VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST ORDER=BUDDHIST DHARMA WHEEL GOLDEN MONASTERY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH.AUSTRALIA,SYDNEY.27/1/2023.VIETNAMESE TRANSLATE ENGLISH BY=VIETNAMESE BUDDHIST NUN=THE WOMEN OF THE SAKYA CLAN CHAN TANH.